Preheat the oven to 180°C/gas 4. If you’re using whole nuts or breadcrumbs, spread them in a small baking tray and place in the oven for 5–10 minutes, until lightly toasted – check them often as they can burn quickly. Leave to cool.
Put the toasted nuts or breadcrumbs, or ground almonds, into a food processor, along with the basil, garlic and grated cheese. Blitz to a paste, making sure all the nuts are ground finely. Then, with the motor running, slowly pour in the oil until you have a thick, sloppy purée. I normally find 100ml oil is enough but you might want a little more.
Scrape the pesto out into a bowl or jar and season with a good squeeze of lemon juice and some black pepper. This will keep, covered, in the fridge for a few days.
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